All posts by James Reffell

Book Review | The Perfect Thing: How the iPod Shuffles Commerce, Culture, and Coolness

Before I talk about the book, a little background on me and iPods.  iPods are the only Apple products I’ve ever owned. I have used Apple products (at school and work) and have even had to do tech support for them, back in the bad old days when I did tech support. And supporting Macs? That’s most of the reason why I never owned one.

I have have owned three iPods, though. One big shiny 20G model. I used it, loved it, left it in a bag in a restaurant, got the bag back without the iPod, cried. Remembering that I can’t be trusted with small, expensive gadgets, I got the first generation shuffle– used it, loved it, laundered it, cried. At this point I came to terms with the fact that I rent iPods rather than owning them, and got the Nano to keep my rent at least slightly low. So I understand iPod love. I have iPod love.

But perfect thing?  I love my iPod, but is it more perfect than my favorite pair of boots? Or my favorite jacket? Not quite.

The Perfect Thing is a little bit of a muddle — partly because Levy has "shuffled"  the chapter order in a nod to the shuffle iPod function.  About half of the book is the story of the Ipod’s origin (and iTunes, and later iPods, etc.) and about half is commentary on the societal impact of the iPod. The first should be in chronological order, the second should be in some sort of order. Shuffling chapters should be kept to avant-garde fiction, please.

On to the substance of the book. The core story — the development of the iPod itself — has been excerpted in Wired. The full story gives a slightly different angle on what happened, though, an angle which tweaks some of the cruder mythology around Apple, design, and product development. The expanded story shows that the iPod team was able to move quickly (once it got under way!) because it grabbed people and companies that had already done key work in the area. Even then, though, they wildly understated the impact the iPod could have, and only slowly realized that instead of a nice adjunct to the Mac universe that would help pull some PC users over to the shiny side, they had the chance to completely dominate a consumer electronics category. Once they did realize it they purused it with gusto, of course.

Finally, there’s the view of Jobs as an "uber-designer," with a fixed and  singular product vision around which all his troops rally (or else). Well, sort of.  He actually comes across in this book as similar to the Cup Noodle president. He doesn’t have a product vision per se — he has a strong view of the ideal parameters of  the product (for example, requiring that you be able to play a song in no more than three button click). The team worked toward those parameters but had a great deal of freedom in how to get there. This is a fine distinction, but I think an important one, and one that often gets lost when people talk about the role of strong leaders (especially executive leaders) in product design.

I was intrigued, but less convinced by, the more sociological chapters, but that’s probably because I wanted less journalistic argument-from-anecdote and more actual sociological research.

I can probably find that elsewhere, though — overall this was a very entertaining and pretty useful discussion of an almost perfect thing.

Quick links #6

Quick links — the numbers edition!

Book Review | Project X: Nissin Cup Noodle

I’ve been reading a bunch of design and design-related books, and I’m going to try to kick off a habit of reviewing one each Monday.

I’m going to start with a pretty non-obvious choice — Product X: Nissin Cup Noodle, a Manga history of the product development of Nissin Food’s Cup Noodle. Yep, it’s comics, it’s translated from the Japanese, you read it backwards, and it’s nonfiction. It was handed to me by one of my fine local comic shop proprietors, who told me "You have to read this." And he is never wrong–it was a fun read! But it’s also a great case study in product design.

The short version is that in the 1970s, Nissin Foods, the original innovators in the instant ramen space, were losing market share due to the commoditization of instant ramen. The president of Nissin Foods decided that they needed to do something radical, so he put to a small team the challenge of developing a new and revolutionary product — instant ramen in its own container. The book follows each member of the team (container development, noodle development, production, marketing) as they meet challenges along the way. And as starving college students and late-night office workers around the world know, they were extraordinarily successful.   

It’s pretty gripping stuff (really!), but what I found most interesting was the constant interplay between the individual team members working on their individual challenges and the president, who had a strong vision of the whole product. Each time they came back to him with a solution that compromised that vision, he would send them back to the drawing board — even over the most minute details of product shape and ingredient color.

In fact, the whole tale — with a product development team individually striving to meet the exacting standards of a detail-obsessed executive — started to remind me of something. And that was before the scene with the president gazing lovingly over the perfectly angled, pure white, almost platonic form of the final cup prototype … but I’ll review that book next week.

Quick links #5

As fun & useful as it is to get all hand-wavey about big design issues (design thinking! innovation! stop designing products! soylent green is people!), sometimes it’s equally fun & useful to take a good hard look at just one design element.

  • History of the Button – "Tracing the history of interaction design through the history of the button, from flashlights to websites and beyond." (thanks Phil!)
  • The dashed line in use – "Even though the dashed line has emerged from a designer’s shorthand and
    from the limitations of monotone printing techniques, it has a clear
    and simple visual magic, the ability to express something three- or
    four-dimensional in two dimensions."
  • And an oldie but a goodie from Luke: The History of Amazon’s Tab Navigation. Long live the uber-tab.

Quick links #4

  • Shakespeare Searched – Stunningly useful (if you like Shakespeare) search from Clusty. The surrounding text and citation features are key. Some questions, though: Does the clustering actually add value (beyond the character and works facets)? How could you extend / combine this to make a more general literature search? Who thought "Clusty" was a good product name, anyway?
  • Emotional clothing – "Bubelle, the "blushing dress" comprises two layers, the inner one is
    equipped with sensors that respond to changes in the wearer’s emotions
    and projects them onto the outer textile.
    " I’m very interested in the intersection of interaction design and clothing design — most of the work right now seems to be in the "arty & experimental" phase like Bubelle or the firefly dress. I can’t wait to figure out what the next, more practical, phases look like.
  • The Funniest Grid You Ever Saw  (via Signal vs. Noise) – An incredibly elaborate, and for me frustrating, look at laying the grid out for the online edition of The Onion. Which only once, in an aside at the end of the essay, acknowledges that "some designers" might choose to give up rigid control over size. And then in the comments, people complain about those pesky users and their changing type sizes. People, this is the web. Fluid design should be the rule and fixed the exception.
  • Too many people getting lost in new downtown library (via librarian.net)- "For all the architectural artistry of Rem Koolhaas’ downtown Seattle
    library, there was just one little problem with the building: People
    kept getting lost inside.
    "

(not so quick) links #3

Yep, it’s been a while since my last update. I’ve been taking some time out to spend with my daughter, Kathryn! Hopefully posting will start up again with some frequency.

I’m even planning to combine the professional with the personal and review some interesting visualizations and interaction models in the baby-tracking space. No, I’m not kidding.

In the meantime, here’s a few links to start catching up:

  • A new framework – Todd W at Adaptive Path calls for a "new framework" for design: "Essentially, I am calling for an end to the decades-old framework that
    HCI, information architecture, and interaction design have been using
    for understanding users. That’s right, I say take a hike, task
    analysis! Good bye, user goals! These concepts are insufficient for the
    new kinds of systems we are designing.
    "

    It’s a good call! But I’m not sure it’s all that new (certainly the better designers I’ve worked with have long since broken from using pure task analysis, for instance), I’m not sure the need for designing systems and not products is the best or only reason we should look for a new framework, and I’m not sure the essay actually lays out what the new framework should, rather than just the fact that we need one. But the comments are excellent (look for the good one by eBay’s own Christian Rohrer) and overall it’s a great start a needed conversation.

  • Plot lines – "The end result is a staggering 76 floor plans in
    221 units—with none repeated more than a dozen times and well over a
    dozen of them unique.
    "

    Interaction designers who think structurally and in terms of components often make analogies to either Lego, or architecture. This Metropolis article about an apartment building in Copenhagen shows that what architects can do with structure and components that is elegant, but not simplistic. Read the article, but check out the insanely wonderful diagrams.

  • We feel fine – "The interface to this data is a self-organizing particle system,
    where each particle represents a single feeling posted by a single individual. The particles’ properties – color, size, shape, opacity – indicate the nature of the feeling inside, and any
    particle can be clicked to reveal the full sentence or photograph it contains."

    I’m a sucker for art made through clever data visualizations — and this has 6 different visualizations of people’s feelings posted online. Check out "mounds" — it seems that even expressed emotion has a long tail!

Quick Links #2

Political PowerPoint 2

Yep, more political PowerPoint.*

First, go watch this presentation by Hans Rosling at the TED 2006 conference. It’s long, but it’s worth it.

Now, go see Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth.

Leaving aside the messages of these two pieces — and both are very powerful messages — what impresses me most as a designer is the careful use of information visualization in each. There’s some tricks (Mr. Gore’s "stretching" of one chart beyond the bounds of the screen) and some innovation (Hans’s moving play-by-play and live-action graph splitting), but some of the sharpest moments in each are pure old-school charting. Maybe a little more tarted up than Tufte would approve of, but beautifully done.

Good content + good speaking style + good visualizations = powerful messages.

 

*Really this is about the use of design in formal presentations — and the power of those presentations to change the world. Entertainingly, I’m pretty sure that neither Al Gore nor Hans Rosling used PowerPoint to create their presentations — Rosling helps make his own presentation software, and Mr. Gore’s pretty clearly a Keynote guy.

Quick Links #1

  • 15 undergraduate papers on MMOse.g. "From N00b to L33t: Learning strategies in Everquest II"
  • Ideo on design & business strategy – "Prototyping is simultaneously an evaluative process — it generates
    feedback and enables you to make midflight corrections — and a
    storytelling process. It’s a way of visually and viscerally describing
    your strategy."
  • Thomas Vander Wal on Technosocial Architecture – "People who understand the social interactions between people and the
    technologies they use to mediate the interactions need to understand
    the focus is on the social interactions between people and the
    relationship that technology plays. It is in a sense being a technosocial architect."